
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This species commonly inhabits waters from 9–60 m (30–200 ft), but can be caught as deep as 90 m (300 ft) on occasion. In Latin American Spanish, it is known as mero, huachinango, pargo, or chillo. The northern red snapper is found in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and the southeastern Atlantic coast of Mexico and the United States and much less commonly northward as far as Massachusetts. Juvenile fish (shorter than 30–35 cm) can also have a dark spot on their sides, below the anterior soft dorsal rays, which fades with age. It has 10 dorsal spines, 14 soft dorsal rays, three anal spines and eight to 9 anal soft rays. Ĭoloration of the northern red snapper is light red, with more intense pigment on the back. The maximum published weight is 50 lb, 4 oz (22.79 kg) and the oldest reported age is 100+ years. The common adult length is 60 cm (24 in), but may reach 100 cm (39 in). This snapper reaches maturity at a length of about 39 cm (15 in). They are rather large and are red in color. Northern red snapper have short, sharp, needle-like teeth, but they lack the prominent upper canine teeth found on the mutton, dog, and mangrove snappers. All feature a sloped profile, medium-to-large scales, a spiny dorsal fin, and a laterally compressed body. The northern red snapper's body is very similar in shape to other snappers, such as the mangrove snapper, mutton snapper, lane snapper, and dog snapper.
